állékonyságot

**Állékonyságot** (also referred to as *auxiliary verb* or *helping verb* in English) is a grammatical concept in Hungarian that describes verbs used alongside a main verb to express tense, mood, voice, or aspect. Unlike English, where auxiliary verbs often have distinct forms (e.g., *do, have, be*), Hungarian relies primarily on suffixes and particle verbs to convey these grammatical functions.

In Hungarian, the most common auxiliary verbs include *van* ("to be"), *lesz* ("will be"), *volt* ("was"), and *lesz* ("will be" in future tense). These verbs are conjugated to indicate tense, while the main verb remains in its infinitive or participial form. For example, the sentence *"Én olvasok"* ("I am reading") uses *van* as an auxiliary to form the present continuous, though in Hungarian, the present tense often omits the auxiliary entirely (*"Olvasok"* simply means "I read").

Particles like *be-* ("in"), *fel-* ("up"), *ki-* ("out"), and *le-* ("down") also function as auxiliaries when combined with verbs to create compound verbs, altering their meaning. For example, *beolvas* ("to read") becomes *beolvas* ("to read aloud") when used with *be-*. These particles are inseparable from the verb stem and are essential for conveying precise actions or states.

While Hungarian does not have a fixed set of auxiliary verbs like English, the system relies on morphological flexibility, including verb suffixes and particles, to express complex grammatical relationships. This approach distinguishes Hungarian from Indo-European languages with more rigid auxiliary structures.