Üleminekumetalitega

Üleminekumetalitega, often translated as transitional metals or transition elements, refers to a group of chemical elements that are located in the d-block of the periodic table. These elements are characterized by having one or more electrons in their d-orbitals, which influences their chemical properties. This includes elements from Group 3 to Group 12 of the periodic table, although the exact definition can sometimes vary.

A key characteristic of transition metals is their ability to form compounds in multiple oxidation states. This is due to the involvement of both their outermost s-electrons and the d-electrons in chemical bonding. This variability in oxidation states makes them versatile in various chemical reactions and applications. Many transition metals also exhibit paramagnetism, meaning they are attracted to magnetic fields.

Transition metals are known for forming colored compounds. This phenomenon is often attributed to the electronic transitions of d-electrons within the atom when light interacts with the compound. The specific color depends on the metal, its oxidation state, and the ligands surrounding it. Transition metals and their compounds are crucial in numerous industrial processes and biological systems. They serve as catalysts in reactions like hydrogenation and oxidation, are essential components in alloys for improved material properties, and play vital roles in biological functions, such as oxygen transport in hemoglobin.