Ühinemisvabaduse

Ühinemisvabadus is the Estonian term for the freedom of association. It is a fundamental human right recognized in both Estonian national law and international human rights instruments. This freedom allows individuals to come together and form groups, organizations, or associations for any lawful purpose. This includes the right to join or not to join any existing association.

The right to freedom of association encompasses various forms of collective action. It protects the ability of people to form political parties, trade unions, religious organizations, charitable groups, clubs, and other types of associations. The purpose of these associations can range from advocating for specific interests, pursuing common hobbies, providing mutual support, or engaging in civic or political activities.

While freedom of association is a broad right, it is not absolute. National laws may impose certain restrictions, but these must be necessary and proportionate to achieve a legitimate aim, such as protecting national security, public order, public health, or the rights and freedoms of others. For example, associations whose aims or activities are illegal or criminal in nature are not protected by this freedom. The Estonian Constitution guarantees the freedom of association, reflecting its importance as a cornerstone of a democratic society. This freedom is crucial for the functioning of civil society, enabling collective expression and participation in public life.