Împins

împins is a Romanian past participle and adjective derived from the verb a împinge, meaning to push. It denotes something that has been pushed or is being pushed and can function as part of a passive construction or as an attribute describing a noun.

Etymology and usage. The form stems from Latin impingere and entered Romanian as a participle that agrees with the gender and number of the noun it modifies. In standard usage, împins appears in two main functions: as a past participle forming passive voice in compound tenses with the auxiliary a fi, and as an ordinary adjective describing a noun.

Forms. The typical inflection in modern Romanian includes masculine singular împins, feminine singular împinsă, masculine plural împinși, and feminine plural împinse. Examples illustrate each: masculine singular — un obiect împins; feminine singular — o poartă împinsă; masculine plural — pereți împinși; feminine plural — ferestre împinse. The participle agrees with the noun in gender and number, and auxiliary constructions with a fi are common, as in Poarta a fost împinsă, Porțile au fost împinse.

Examples and nuances. Împins is used to describe objects or persons that have been moved by force or effect, e.g., o ușă împinsă de vânt (a door pushed by wind). As a standalone adjective, it conveys a state resulting from an action of pushing, rather than the agent performing the action.

See also. Romanian grammar, participle, passive voice.

References. Dictionaries and grammars of the Romanian language typically list împins as the past participle of a împinge, with notes on agreement and usage in passive constructions.