Éllényekkel

Éllényekkel is a form sometimes encountered in Hungarian texts, generally interpreted as a nonstandard or dialectal variant of the instrumental plural meaning “with beings.” In contemporary standard Hungarian the affirmative form is élőlényekkel, meaning “with living beings” or “involving living creatures.” The standard construction comes from the noun élőlény (living being), whose plural is élőlények and whose instrumental plural is élőlényekkel.

Etymology and morphology: élőlény combines élő (living) and lény (creature, being). The plural élőlények refers to multiple creatures, and the instrumental plural élőlényekkel is used when describing actions performed with those beings. The form éllényekkel does not align with the regular derivation and orthography of modern Hungarian, which is why it is typically treated as nonstandard.

Usage: In neutral, formal writing, one should prefer élőlényekkel. For example: “Az élőlényekkel végzett kísérletek etikai vonatkozásait vizsgálják.” In contexts where an older or regional variant appears, readers may encounter éllényekkel, but such usage can confuse readers and is not recommended in formal text.

See also: élőlény, lény, élőlények. These terms cover the standard vocabulary for referring to living beings in Hungarian and their grammatical forms. Overall, éllényekkel is not a standard form and should be avoided in careful writing in favor of élőlényekkel.