zánikem

Zánikem is the instrumental singular form of the Czech noun zánik, which means extinction, demise, or disappearance. The instrumental form zánikem is used in Czech to express the means, manner, or cause of a ending or ending-related event, and it is common in formal or analytic texts.

In sentences, zánikem often appears in constructions such as 'zánikem [něčeho]' to denote that the end occurred through or because of something. Examples include: "Zánikem staré říše se změnily politické poměry." and "Zánikem ledovců došlo ke změně vodních režimů." These patterns are typical in historical, scientific, and analytical writing. In everyday speech, speakers more often rely on the noun zánik or on other expressions describing the end of something.

Etymology and related notes: zánik is a native Czech word; the instrumental zánikem is the standard form for the singular. The underlying sense centers on the end, collapse, or disappearance of an object, institution, or phenomenon. Related terms include úpadek (degeneration, decline) and zmizení (disappearance), while vznik (origin, emergence) serves as a semantic opposite. The phrase zánikem [něčeho] is primarily a formal construction and is commonly found in academic, legal, and historical prose.

See also: zánik, úpadek, zmizení, vznik.