ympyräisen

Ympyräisen is the genitive singular form of the Finnish adjective ympyräinen, meaning circular or round. It is used when the adjective modifies a noun that is in the genitive case. For example, in the phrase ympyräisen talon katto, the noun talo is in genitive (talon) and ympyräisen serves as the descriptive modifier in genitive form, yielding “the roof of the circular house” or “the circular house’s roof.”

In Finnish, adjectives ending in -inen decline like other -inen adjectives. Common forms include: nominative singular ympyräinen; genitive singular ympyräisen; nominative plural ympyräiset; genitive plural ympyräisten. Other cases follow the same pattern, for example inessive singular ympyräisessä (in the circular house), partitive singular ympyräistä, and their respective plural forms such as ympyräisissä (inessive plural) and ympyräisiä (partitive plural). The essential point is that ympyräisen functions as the genitive singular form of ympyräinen and agrees with the noun it modifies in both number and case.

Etymology traces ympyräinen to ympyrä (circle) plus the adjectival suffix -inen, a productive combination in Finnish that yields meaning “having the form of” or “characterized by.” The genitive form ympyräisen is the expected inflection for adjectives of this class when placed before a genitive noun, aligning with standard Finnish grammar rather than forming a separate lexical item.

Usage notes: ympyräisen is not a standalone noun but a declined adjective form. It is most common in descriptive phrases involving shape, construction, or design, typically preceding a noun in genitive, as in ympyräisen talon katto or similar constructions.