wspólny

Wspólny is a Polish adjective meaning "common, shared, or joint." It describes things that belong to or are used by several people or groups, or features that are characteristic for a group. The term is widely used in everyday language as well as in formal contexts such as law, business, education, and science.

In practical use, wspólny appears in phrases like wspólne dobro (the common good), wspólna własność (joint ownership), or wspólna odpowiedzialność (shared responsibility). In mathematics and logic it is found in expressions such as wspólny mianownik (least common denominator) and część wspólna (the intersection or common part of sets). The word also appears in discussions of shared resources, goals, or interests.

Grammar-wise, wspólny behaves like other Polish adjectives: it agrees with the noun in gender, number, and case. For example: wspólny interes (masculine singular), wspólna cecha (feminine singular), wspólne cechy (plural). The related noun wspólnota (community) and the prefix współ- (co-, together) give rise to many related terms, such as współpraca (cooperation) and współdziałanie (collaboration).

Overall, wspólny conveys the idea of jointness or sharedness, rather than mere proximity, and is a standard, widely used term across registers.