vérlemezkeket

Vérlemezkeket, also known as platelets or thrombocytes, are small, irregular-shaped cell fragments found in the blood of vertebrates. They are crucial components of the hemostasis system, the process by which bleeding is stopped. Unlike red and white blood cells, platelets do not have a nucleus and are derived from large precursor cells called megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.

The primary function of platelets is to prevent and stop bleeding. When a blood vessel is injured, platelets are activated and rapidly aggregate at the site of damage, forming a temporary plug. They release a variety of substances, including growth factors and clotting factors, that promote vasoconstriction and the formation of a stable blood clot, sealing the wound. This process is essential for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system and preventing excessive blood loss.

Platelets also play a role in other physiological processes, such as wound healing and inflammation. Their involvement in these areas is mediated by the release of various signaling molecules. Abnormalities in platelet count or function can lead to bleeding disorders or thrombotic events, highlighting their critical importance in maintaining health. Medical conditions affecting platelet production, destruction, or function can range from mild to life-threatening.