vulneravit

Vulneravit is a Latin verb form that means “he wounded” or, with a different subject, “she wounded.” It is the third-person singular perfect active indicative of vulnerō, vulnerāre, vulnerāvī, vulnerātum, a first-conjugation verb meaning “to wound.” The word’s etymology traces to vulnus, meaning “wound,” with the verb forming the action of causing a wound.

In Latin grammar, vulneravit represents a completed past action. The standard principal parts of vulnerō provide the full conjugation: vulnerō, vulnerāre, vulnerāvī, vulnerātum. The perfect active singular forms include vulnerāvī (I wounded), vulnerāvistī (you wounded), and vulnerāvit (he/she wounded). In unvowelled or less strictly marked texts, vulnerāvit may appear as vulneravit, which is the same form with the macron’s absence.

Usage of vulneravit appears across classical Latin, Late Latin, and the Latin Vulgate, where it regularly conveys that an agent inflicted a wound on a victim. It is commonly found in narrative, military, legal, and religious contexts. The related present tense form is vulnerat (“he wounds”), while the passive perfect would be vulnerātus est (“he has been wounded”).

Example: Gladiator hostem vulneravit. (The gladiator wounded the enemy.)

Vulneravit, like the related forms of vulnerō, is a typical example of a first-conjugation verb whose meaning is straightforward and whose past tense clearly marks a completed act of injuring.