vlákna

Vlákna, also known as threads, are fundamental units of execution within a process in computing. They are lightweight processes that share the same memory space and resources, allowing for concurrent execution within a single program. Threads can be created, managed, and synchronized using various programming languages and libraries, such as POSIX threads (pthreads) in C/C++, or higher-level abstractions in languages like Java and Python.

Threads are commonly used to improve the performance and responsiveness of applications by allowing multiple tasks to be executed simultaneously. For example, in a web browser, separate threads can handle user input, rendering graphics, and downloading data concurrently. However, due to their shared memory space, threads can also lead to issues such as race conditions and deadlocks, requiring careful design and synchronization mechanisms to ensure proper functioning.

In contrast to threads, processes are independent units of execution with their own memory space and resources. While threads offer fine-grained concurrency within a single process, processes provide isolation and protection between different tasks. The choice between using threads or processes depends on the specific requirements of the application and the desired balance between performance, complexity, and isolation.