virtsaretentioita

Virtsaretentio, also known as urinary retention, is a medical condition where an individual is unable to completely empty their bladder. This can be either acute, meaning a sudden inability to urinate, or chronic, a persistent difficulty in emptying the bladder. Acute urinary retention is a medical emergency requiring immediate attention.

The causes of urinary retention are varied and can be broadly categorized into obstructive and non-obstructive. Obstructive causes involve a physical blockage in the urinary tract, such as an enlarged prostate gland in men, kidney stones, urinary tract infections, or tumors. Non-obstructive causes often relate to problems with the nerves that control bladder function or muscle weakness. This can include neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis or spinal cord injuries, as well as certain medications, constipation, or weakened bladder muscles.

Symptoms of urinary retention can include intense pain and pressure in the lower abdomen, a feeling of fullness in the bladder, and the inability to pass any urine. In chronic cases, symptoms may be less severe and include frequent urination, a weak stream, dribbling, or a feeling of incomplete emptying.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, a review of medical history, and further tests such as urine tests, ultrasounds of the bladder, or urodynamic studies to assess bladder function. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and can range from catheterization to relieve immediate pressure, to medications to address enlarged prostates or bladder muscle issues, or surgical interventions to remove blockages. Lifestyle modifications and pelvic floor exercises may also be recommended in certain situations.