viittomakielinen

Viittomakielinen is a term used to describe a person who uses sign language as their primary means of communication. In Finland, viittomakieliset are typically Deaf or hard-of-hearing individuals who use Suomen viittomakieli (Finnish Sign Language), though some hearing people also learn and use the language. A viittomakielinen may be bilingual, using both sign language and spoken Finnish in different contexts.

Suomen viittomakieli is a natural language with its own grammar, syntax, and lexicon, distinct from spoken Finnish. It is used by a community that identifies with Deaf culture and relies on sign language for everyday communication, education, and social interaction. The language exhibits regional variation and is transmitted through family networks, schools, and Deaf associations. In public life, sign language interpreters and captioning provide essential accessibility for interactions with non-signers.

The identity of viittomakielinen is closely linked to Deaf culture, language rights, and inclusion. Finland recognizes the importance of sign language as a means of communication for those who rely on it, and efforts exist to improve access to interpretation, education, media, and public services. Sign language use thus encompasses linguistic, cultural, and social dimensions, reflecting both individual identity and community belonging.