vaxt

Vaxt, commonly written växt in Swedish and Norwegian, refers to a living, usually photosynthetic organism of the kingdom Plantae, commonly called a plant in English. Plants are characterized by autotrophy (most capture energy from light through photosynthesis), cellulose cell walls, chloroplasts containing chlorophyll, and extensive growth through meristematic tissue. They are typically stationary and form the base of most terrestrial ecosystems.

Taxonomy and diversity: Plants are divided into several major groups. Non-vascular plants, such as mosses and liverworts, lack true vascular tissue. Vascular plants include seedless groups like ferns and lycophytes, and seed plants, which are further divided into gymnosperms (conifers, cycads) and angiosperms (flowering plants). Angiosperms, the most diverse group today, reproduce via flowers and form seeds within fruits.

Growth and development: Plant growth relies on meristems at the tips and other regions, allowing indefinite growth in some species. Growth rate is influenced by hormones such as auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, and ethylene. Photosynthesis converts light energy to chemical energy, producing sugars used for metabolism and growth. Many plants respond to environment through phototropism, gravitropism, and other signals.

Ecology and human use: Plants are primary producers, forming the base of most ecosystems and contributing to oxygen production and carbon sequestration. Humans depend on plants for food, fibers, medicines, shelter, and aesthetics. Agriculture and horticulture cultivate selected species for crops and ornamentals, while in natural ecosystems plants support biodiversity and climate regulation.

Conservation: Habitat loss, climate change, and invasive species threaten plant diversity. Conservation strategies include habitat protection, restoration, seed banks, and sustainable management of forests and crops.