vapaakytkentädiode

Vapaakytkentädiode, also known as a freewheeling diode, is a semiconductor diode primarily used in circuits with inductive loads. Its core purpose is to safeguard components from damage caused by reverse voltage spikes that arise when an inductor’s current is abruptly interrupted. When the switch controlling the inductor is opened, the inductor generates a high-voltage spike due to its tendency to maintain current flow. The freewheeling diode supplies a low-resistance path for this current, enabling it to circulate through the diode and the load, safely dissipating energy. This action prevents voltage surges that could otherwise harm transistors, relays, or other electronic parts. Common applications include motor control circuits, power supplies, and relay driver circuits. The diode is typically connected in parallel with the inductive load, with its cathode linked to the positive side of the load and anode to the negative side. Its selection depends on factors such as the inductor’s current rating and the required reverse voltage rating.