vankomitsiini

Vankomysin, also known by its generic name vancomycin, is a glycopeptide antibiotic used to treat serious bacterial infections. It is particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species. Vancomycin works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, leading to cell lysis and death.

The drug is typically administered intravenously or intramuscularly, depending on the severity and type of infection. It is often used as a last resort for infections that do not respond to other antibiotics, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Vancomycin is also used in combination with other antibiotics to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.

Common side effects of vancomycin include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and allergic reactions. More serious side effects can include kidney damage, hearing loss, and a condition called red man syndrome, which is characterized by a red rash and itching. Long-term use of vancomycin can lead to the development of resistance in bacteria, making it less effective over time.

Vancomycin was first isolated from the soil bacterium Amycolatopsis orientalis in 1953. It has since become a staple in the treatment of bacterial infections and is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and injectable solutions. The drug is typically prescribed by healthcare professionals and should be used under medical supervision due to its potential for serious side effects and the risk of antibiotic resistance.