utkrävde

Utkrävde is the simple past tense of the Swedish verb utkräva, which means to demand, require, or exact payment, restitution, or compliance. As a transitive verb, it describes an action carried out by a subject toward an object, such as a company, authority, or court demanding something from a person or entity. The form utkräva is common in formal, legal, financial, and administrative language.

In usage, utkrävde often connotes a process of enforcement or coercion and is frequently found in reports, judgments, contracts, or news coverage about debts, fines, or obligations. Examples: Domstolen utkrävde skadestånd av förövaren. Kommunen utkrävde avgift för tjänsten. Företaget utkrävde tillbaka pengar som felaktigt debiterats.

Conjugation notes: present tense utkräver; past tense utkrävde; supine utkrävt; perfect tense har utkrävt.

Etymology: the verb is formed from the prefix ut- combined with kräva (to demand). The word is related to cognates in other Scandinavian languages, reflecting a shared semantic field of enforcement and obligation.