upprepade

Upprepade is a Swedish word that serves both as the past tense form of the verb upprepa (to repeat) and as an attributive adjective meaning "repeated." As a verb form it appears in simple past constructions such as jag upprepade, du upprepade, han upprepade, meaning "I/you/he repeated." As an adjective it describes nouns that have occurred more than once, for example upprepade misstag (repeated mistakes) or upprepade händelser (repeated events).

In common usage, upprepade can be combined with the fixed phrase upprepade gånger, meaning "repeatedly." This expression functions as an adverbial modifier, often used to emphasize frequency, as in forskningen visade upprepade gånger (the research repeatedly showed), or han försökte upprepade gånger (he tried repeatedly).

Morphology and nuance: upprepade is the plural form and the adjective inflected with the -ade ending to agree with plural nouns (upprepade misstag, upprepade händelser). The related noun form is upprepning, meaning repetition, and the gerund/participle forms are upprepa (base), upprepat (supine/participle used in perfect constructions), and uppreppande as an ongoing or repetitive quality.

Etymology: the term is a compound built from upp- (a prefix indicating repetition or direction upward) and repa, the verb upprepa. The sense of the word aligns with Germanic-language patterns for forming iterative or repeated actions, and the phrase upprepade gånger is a common idiom in Swedish.

See also: repetition, upprepa, upprepning.