ubiquitinálja

Ubiquitinálja is a Hungarian verb that translates to "to ubiquitinate" in English. In molecular biology, ubiquitination is a crucial post-translational modification where a small protein called ubiquitin is covalently attached to a substrate protein. This process is highly regulated and involves a cascade of enzymes, including E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3 (ubiquitin ligase). The E3 ligase plays a key role in determining substrate specificity, as it recognizes and binds to the target protein, bringing it into proximity with the E2 enzyme and facilitating the transfer of ubiquitin. Ubiquitinálja describes this entire enzymatic process of attaching ubiquitin. The ubiquitination of a protein can signal its degradation by the proteasome, alter its localization, mediate protein-protein interactions, or change its activity. Therefore, the verb "ubiquitinálja" refers to the action of this biological machinery modifying a protein through the addition of ubiquitin.