tërhiqjen

Tërhiqja refers to the Albanian term for the process of emigration, specifically the large-scale movement of Albanians from their homeland to other countries, primarily during the 20th century. This phenomenon was driven by a combination of political, economic, and social factors, including repression under communist rule, limited opportunities, and the desire for better living conditions abroad.

The most significant wave of tërhiqje occurred during the 1990s, following the collapse of the communist regime in Albania in 1991. The country faced severe economic instability, hyperinflation, and political chaos, prompting thousands of Albanians to seek refuge in neighboring countries like Greece, Italy, and Macedonia, as well as further afield in the United States, Canada, and Australia. Many migrated illegally through dangerous routes, often relying on human smugglers, which led to numerous tragedies at sea and in transit.

Tërhiqja had profound social and cultural consequences for Albania. The exodus of skilled labor, professionals, and young people weakened the country’s economy and exacerbated brain drain. However, it also fostered strong diaspora communities that contributed to Albania’s economic and political development through remittances and advocacy. Over time, tërhiqja gradually slowed as Albania stabilized, though emigration remains a significant factor in the country’s demographic trends.

The term *tërhiqje* is also used more broadly to describe any form of migration or dispersal of Albanians, reflecting both historical displacement and contemporary mobility. Its legacy continues to influence Albania’s identity, as well as the experiences of Albanians living abroad.