tympans

The tympan is a type of drum, specifically a frame drum, that is played with a mallet or the hand. It is characterized by a single membrane stretched over a shallow frame. Tympans are found in various cultures around the world, often used in ceremonial or musical contexts. The size and construction of tympans can vary significantly, influencing their sound and use.

In some traditions, the tympan is associated with religious or spiritual practices, used to induce trance states or to accompany rituals. In musical ensembles, tympans can provide a rhythmic foundation or add percussive color. The sound produced by a tympan is typically resonant and can range from a deep, booming tone to a sharper, more percussive sound depending on the size, tension of the membrane, and the material of the frame.

Historically, tympans have been depicted in ancient art and artifacts, suggesting a long lineage and widespread presence. The materials used for the membrane can include animal skins, such as goat or calf, or synthetic materials. The frame is often made of wood, though metal frames are also used in some modern iterations. The played surface can be struck directly or with a mallet, which can be soft or hard, further diversifying the sonic possibilities of the instrument.