tvak

Tvak is a term from Sanskrit with more than one meaning. In classical Sanskrit, tvak refers to the skin or epidermis. In Ayurveda and traditional herb lists, tvak denotes the bark of the cinnamon tree, the spice commonly known as cinnamon or true cinnamon.

Botany and culinary use: Cinnamon bark used as tvak comes primarily from species in the Cinnamomum genus, notably Cinnamomum verum (true cinnamon) and, in many markets, Cinnamomum cassia (cassia). The spice is sold as quills or ground powder and is widely used in Indian, Middle Eastern, and East Asian cuisines for its warm, aromatic character.

Ayurvedic properties and uses: In traditional Ayurvedic texts, tvak is described as heating and pungent in taste and is incorporated to support digestion, appetite, and various respiratory concerns. It is often combined with other spices to balance flavors and enhance therapeutic effects. Modern interest centers on its essential oil, which contains cinnamaldehyde and other compounds that contribute to flavor and antimicrobial properties; however, practical health claims should be considered cautiously and within traditional contexts.

Cultural notes: Tvak appears in ancient Sanskrit medical compendia and remains a common term in Ayurvedic herb lists. The meaning of tvak as skin versus cinnamon bark depends on context, with the culinary and medicinal sense being the dominant usage in most contemporary references.

See also: cinnamon, Ayurveda, spices.