tumörmutationsantal

Tumörmutationantal, also known as tumor mutation burden (TMB), refers to the number of mutations present in a cancer's genome. It is used as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in cancer treatment.

The concept of TMB is based on the idea that cancer cells with a high number of mutations may be more likely to respond to immunotherapy, a type of cancer treatment that uses the body's immune system to fight cancer. The reasoning behind this is that a high TMB allows the immune system to more easily recognize cancer cells as foreign and target them for destruction.

The measurement of TMB is typically done through next-generation sequencing (NGS), which involves analyzing the DNA of cancer cells to identify the number and type of mutations present. There are different algorithms and methods used to calculate TMB, and studies have shown that different methods may yield different results.

Research has shown that patients with high TMB tend to have better outcomes with certain types of immunotherapy, particularly check-point inhibitors such as pembrolizumab and nivolumab. However, not all studies have found a correlation between TMB and response to immunotherapy, and more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between TMB and cancer treatment outcomes.

TMB is considered a promising biomarker for cancer treatment, but it is still an evolving field, and more studies are needed to fully understand its role in cancer therapy. Further research is also needed to determine the best methods for measuring TMB and to identify the most reliable cutoff values for predicting response to immunotherapy.