trágyázás

Trágyázás, also known as fertilization or manuring, is the process of adding organic or inorganic substances to soil to supply nutrients essential for plant growth. This practice is fundamental to agriculture and horticulture, aiming to enhance soil fertility and improve crop yields and quality.

Organic fertilizers include materials like compost, animal manure, and green manure. These decompose slowly in the soil, releasing nutrients gradually and also improving soil structure, water retention, and microbial activity. Animal manure, a common form of organic fertilizer, provides a range of nutrients and is often used after composting to reduce weed seeds and pathogens. Green manure involves planting specific crops, such as legumes, and then tilling them into the soil before they set seed, thus adding organic matter and nitrogen.

Inorganic fertilizers, also known as chemical fertilizers, are synthetically produced and contain specific nutrients in concentrated forms, such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). These are readily available to plants and can quickly correct nutrient deficiencies. However, overuse of inorganic fertilizers can lead to environmental problems, including water pollution through nutrient runoff and soil degradation.

The type and amount of trágyázás depend on several factors, including soil type, climate, crop requirements, and the desired outcome. Soil testing is often recommended to determine existing nutrient levels and guide fertilization decisions. Balanced fertilization ensures that plants receive the necessary nutrients without excess, promoting healthy growth and minimizing negative environmental impacts.