trudna

Trudna is a Polish adjective that means difficult, hard, or arduous. It is the feminine singular form of the adjective trudny and is used to describe feminine nouns, agreeing with the noun in gender, number, and case.

In Polish, adjectives have three basic gender forms: masculine (trudny), feminine (trudna), and neuter (trudne). The endings change with case and number, so trudna appears before feminine singular nouns and shifts as the noun’s case changes. Examples include trudna decyzja (a difficult decision) and trudna sytuacja (a difficult situation).

Trudna is commonly used to express both practical and moral difficulty. It can describe tasks, situations, decisions, or experiences that require effort or pose challenges. For emphasis, phrases such as bardzo trudna or wyjątkowo trudna can be used to heighten the sense of difficulty. The word is frequent in everyday language, journalism, and literature, and it often appears in idiomatic expressions related to effort and challenge.

Translations of trudna include difficult, hard, and arduous, depending on context. Related forms are trudny (masculine) and trudne (neuter), as well as the noun trudność meaning difficulty or trouble. The term is part of a broader set of vocabulary describing effort, challenge, and obstacles in Polish.