trombolýza

Trombolýza, also known as thrombolytic therapy, is a medical treatment that aims to dissolve blood clots. It is primarily used in acute situations such as myocardial infarction (heart attack) and ischemic stroke. The goal is to restore blood flow to affected tissues by breaking down the thrombus, which is a blood clot that has formed within a blood vessel.

The mechanism of action involves administering drugs called thrombolytics, or fibrinolytic agents. These drugs activate plasminogen, a precursor protein, into plasmin, an enzyme that degrades fibrin, a key component of blood clots. Common thrombolytic agents include alteplase, streptokinase, and reteplase.

The administration of thrombolytic therapy requires careful consideration of timing and patient selection. It is most effective when given as soon as possible after the onset of symptoms, as the longer a clot remains, the more difficult it is to dissolve. There are also contraindications, such as recent surgery, active bleeding, or a history of hemorrhagic stroke, which would increase the risk of severe bleeding complications.

Trombolýza is a critical intervention that can significantly improve outcomes for patients experiencing life-threatening conditions caused by blood clots. However, it carries inherent risks, primarily bleeding, and is therefore administered in a closely monitored hospital setting by trained medical professionals. The decision to use thrombolytic therapy is made on a case-by-case basis after a thorough assessment of the potential benefits against the risks.