trolibuszokat

A trolibusz (trolleybus) is an electric bus that draws its power from two overhead wires using a trolley pole. Unlike trams, trolleys run on tires and share roads with other vehicles. They offer a quieter and more environmentally friendly alternative to diesel buses, producing no tailpipe emissions.

The concept of the trolleybus originated in the early 20th century, with early examples appearing in Germany and Switzerland. Their development was influenced by the desire for a public transport system that combined the flexibility of buses with the environmental benefits of electric traction. Trolleybus systems were adopted in many cities worldwide throughout the 20th century.

Trolleybuses are typically powered by a direct current electric motor. The two overhead wires provide the positive and negative terminals for the electrical circuit. The trolley poles are spring-loaded and maintain contact with the wires as the vehicle moves. Some modern trolleybuses are equipped with auxiliary batteries, allowing them to operate for short distances without overhead wires, enhancing operational flexibility.

Trolleybus networks are characterized by their reliance on fixed infrastructure. The overhead wires require significant initial investment and ongoing maintenance. This infrastructure also limits the flexibility of routes compared to conventional buses. However, the efficiency and environmental advantages have led to their continued operation and even expansion in some urban areas.