trolibuszok

Trolibuszok, also known as trolleybuses, are a type of electric bus that draws its power from an overhead wire system. Unlike trams or light rail vehicles, trolleybuses have wheels and operate on the road, sharing it with other traffic. They are characterized by the distinctive poles, called trolley poles, that extend from the roof of the vehicle to connect to the overhead wires.

The operational principle of a trolleybus involves two parallel overhead wires, one positive and one negative, which supply the electricity to the electric motor(s) driving the vehicle. The trolley poles slide along these wires, allowing for continuous power collection. This system offers a zero-emission mode of public transport, as the electricity is typically sourced from the grid.

Trolleybus systems can be found in various cities worldwide, though they are less common than diesel buses or electric buses that charge at depots or along their routes. Their advantage lies in their quiet operation and lack of local emissions, contributing to improved air quality in urban areas. However, they require significant infrastructure investment in the overhead wire network and substations, and their routes are fixed by the overhead lines, limiting flexibility compared to battery-electric buses. Maintenance of the overhead system is also a considerable factor. The term "trolleybus" itself is derived from the trolley poles used for power collection.