trijódtironint

Trijódtironina, also known as T3, is a thyroid hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the human body. It is one of the two major hormones produced by the thyroid gland, the other being thyroxine (T4). T3 is significantly more potent than T4, meaning it has a stronger effect on target cells.

The synthesis of trijódtironina begins in the thyroid gland, where iodine atoms are attached to tyrosine residues. T4 is produced in larger quantities, and then a portion of T4 is converted into T3 in peripheral tissues such as the liver, kidneys, and muscles through a process called deiodination. This conversion is essential for maintaining adequate levels of active thyroid hormone.

Trijódtironina acts by binding to specific thyroid hormone receptors within the nucleus of cells. These receptors then interact with DNA to regulate gene expression, influencing a wide range of physiological processes. These include increasing basal metabolic rate, promoting protein synthesis, and affecting heart rate and contractility. In children, T3 is vital for normal growth and the development of the central nervous system.

Disruptions in trijódtironina levels can lead to various medical conditions. Hyperthyroidism, characterized by an overproduction of thyroid hormones, can result in symptoms like weight loss, rapid heartbeat, and anxiety. Conversely, hypothyroidism, a deficiency in thyroid hormones, can cause fatigue, weight gain, and feeling cold. The measurement of T3 levels in the blood is an important diagnostic tool for assessing thyroid function.