trepanációval

Trepanációval is the Hungarian term for trepanation, an ancient surgical practice involving the deliberate perforation of the skull. Archaeological evidence suggests that trepanation was performed across various cultures and time periods, dating back to the Neolithic era. The reasons for performing trepanation are not fully understood, but theories propose it was done for medical reasons, such as relieving pressure on the brain due to head injuries or treating illnesses believed to be caused by evil spirits. It is also theorized that trepanation may have been performed for ritualistic or spiritual purposes.

The procedure typically involved scraping or drilling a hole into the skull. The edges of the resulting opening were often smoothed, and in some cases, evidence of healing indicates that individuals survived the operation. The methods used varied, with some skulls showing evidence of incised or grooved trepanations, while others exhibit circular or scrape marks. The prevalence of trepanation in different regions suggests it was a widespread practice, though its frequency and purpose likely varied depending on the specific culture and historical context. Modern medical understanding views trepanation as a primitive form of surgery, but its historical significance lies in its early attempts to intervene in cranial conditions.