treonín

Threonine is an essential amino acid, meaning the human body cannot synthesize it and must obtain it from the diet. Its chemical formula is C4H9NO3. Threonine has a chiral center, leading to two stereoisomers, L-threonine and D-threonine, with L-threonine being the form found in proteins. It is one of the 20 standard amino acids used in protein biosynthesis.

The structure of threonine features a hydroxyl group on its side chain, which can participate in hydrogen bonding. This hydroxyl group also makes threonine a target for phosphorylation, a crucial post-translational modification that regulates protein function. Threonine plays a role in the synthesis of proteins, and is also involved in the production of glycine and serine, other amino acids. Additionally, it is a component of collagen, a vital structural protein found in connective tissues.

Dietary sources rich in threonine include meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, and certain plant-based foods like soybeans and nuts. Its deficiency can lead to various health issues, though it is relatively uncommon in well-nourished individuals. Threonine's importance extends to immune function and the metabolism of fatty acids.