transpiráció

Transpiráció is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere. It is essentially evaporation of water from plant leaves. This process is crucial for plant life, playing a significant role in water transport and nutrient uptake. Water absorbed by the roots travels up the xylem to the leaves. As water evaporates from the leaf surface, it creates a negative pressure, or tension, in the xylem, which pulls more water up from the roots. This continuous pull is known as the transpiration stream. Transpiráció also helps to cool the plant, especially in hot weather, as the evaporation of water has a cooling effect. Furthermore, it facilitates the movement of dissolved minerals from the soil into the plant. Factors such as temperature, humidity, wind, and light intensity can affect the rate of transpiráció. High temperatures and wind generally increase transpiráció, while high humidity reduces it. When water availability is low, plants may close their stomata, the pores through which most transpiráció occurs, to conserve water, which can limit nutrient uptake and cooling.