transcriptázy
Transcriptázy are enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of nucleic acids using a nucleic acid template. The term covers two main activities in biology: transcription, in which RNA is synthesized from a DNA template by RNA polymerases, and reverse transcription, in which DNA is synthesized from an RNA template by reverse transcriptases. These enzymes are essential for gene expression, genome replication, and various cellular processes.
DNA-dependent RNA polymerases perform transcription. In bacteria a single multisubunit RNA polymerase transcribes all RNA species.
Reverse transcriptases are RNA-dependent DNA polymerases that synthesize DNA from an RNA template. They are characteristic
Clinical and research relevance is broad. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors form a cornerstone of antiretroviral therapy for
Historically, transcriptional RNA polymerases were clarified in the early 20th century, while reverse transcription was discovered