toxinkoncentráció

Toxinkoncentration refers to the amount of a toxin present in a given matrix, such as blood, tissue, water, or food (toxin concentration). It is typically expressed as mass per volume (for liquids) or mass per mass (for solids), for example µg/L or mg/kg, and can also be reported in molar terms (µM).

Measurement relies on analytical methods such as liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, gas chromatography, or immunoassays. Accuracy depends on sample preparation, matrix effects, and instrument sensitivity. Reporting typically includes a measure of uncertainty and the limit of quantification.

Biological toxinkoncentration reflects exposure, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Pharmacokinetic models describe how concentration changes over time (C(t)). Sampling timing, route of exposure, and interindividual variability influence observed concentrations and interpretation of toxicity risk.

Environment and food safety contexts use toxin concentration to assess risk and regulatory compliance. Reference doses, tolerable daily intakes, and maximum residue limits set precautionary thresholds. Biomonitoring programs use biological concentrations to estimate internal dose and potential health effects.

Limitations include differing bioavailability across matrices, toxin potency, and metabolic transformations that may produce more or less toxic species. A high concentration alone does not determine risk; risk depends on potency, exposure duration, and susceptibility.