tlak

Tlak is the Slovenian word for pressure and appears in related Slavic languages with similar meanings. It denotes the force exerted per unit area or the condition of being pressed, and it is used across physics, engineering, meteorology, and medicine.

In physics, pressure is defined as the force F applied perpendicular to a surface divided by the area A over which the force acts: p = F / A. The SI unit is the pascal (Pa), with common non-SI units such as the bar (1 bar = 10^5 Pa) and the atmosphere (1 atm ≈ 101325 Pa). Pressure can be absolute, gauge (relative to atmospheric pressure), or differential (difference between two pressures).

Hydrostatic pressure results from a fluid at rest and increases with depth according to p = ρ g h, where ρ is fluid density, g gravity, and h depth. Temperature, phase, and materials affect pressure in gases via the ideal gas law.

In meteorology, atmospheric pressure is measured with a barometer and mapped as isobars on weather charts. Pressure systems influence wind and precipitation: low-pressure systems are typically associated with clouds and rainfall, while high-pressure systems favor clearer skies. Standard sea-level pressure is about 1013 hPa.

In medicine, pressure within the circulatory system is referred to as blood pressure and is typically measured as systolic/diastolic pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Normal adult values are around 120/80 mmHg, with variation by age and health.

In practical terms, pressure is encountered in tires, hydraulic systems, and industrial vessels, and working with high pressures requires appropriate safety measures to prevent failure or injury.