tertButylthiol

tert-Butylthiol, also known as tert-butyl mercaptan, is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula C4H10S. Its structure consists of a tert-butyl group attached to a thiol group, i.e., (CH3)3C-SH. The recommended IUPAC name is 2-methylpropane-2-thiol. It is a colorless to pale liquid with a highly characteristic, strong odor.

In industry, tert-butylthiol is widely used as an odorant for natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas to impart a detectable smell at very low concentrations. This odorization helps ensure prompt detection of leaks and enhances safety in gas distribution systems.

Preparation and routes: industrial production often involves hydrothiolation of isobutene with hydrogen sulfide to yield tert-butylthiol, or conversion of tert-butyl halides to thiols via suitable thiolate intermediates. These routes exploit the reactivity of the tert-butyl moiety to form the desired thioether with a thiol group.

Properties and handling: tert-Butylthiol is a flammable liquid with a very strong, penetrating odor. It is soluble in organic solvents and only sparingly soluble in water. It should be stored in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from oxidizers. Handling requires appropriate personal protective equipment to minimize irritation and inhalation risks.

Safety and environmental notes: exposure can irritate eyes, skin, and the respiratory tract. Spills should be contained and treated as a chemical spill; use proper ventilation and avoid release to the environment.