tengelyferdeségi

Tengelyferdeség is a term used to describe the tilt or obliquity of a rotational axis relative to a designated reference plane. The possessive/adjectival form tengelyferdeségi is used to describe phenomena, measurements or properties related to this tilt. The concept appears in several scientific and engineering contexts, with slightly different emphases depending on the field.

In astronomy and planetary science, tengelyferdeség refers to the angle between an object's rotational axis and its orbital plane. For Earth, the axial tilt is about 23.4 degrees, and it varies within roughly 22.1 to 24.5 degrees over a cycle of about 41,000 years. This axial tilt influences the distribution of insolation and is a key factor in the planet’s seasons and climate over long timescales. The symbol commonly used for the obliquity is ε.

In engineering and mechanics, tengelyferdeség describes the deviation of a shaft or axis from its intended alignment. Axial misalignment—whether angular or parallel—can cause vibrations, uneven wear of bearings, increased heat, and reduced efficiency. Measurements are performed with dial indicators, laser alignment tools, or similar devices, and corrections may involve shims, couplings, or realignment procedures.

Etymology stems from tengely (axis) and ferdeség (tilt or obliquity), reflecting the common meaning across disciplines: the degree to which an axis is inclined away from a reference orientation.