tegure

Tegure is a traditional Japanese musical instrument that belongs to the family of bowed string instruments, specifically a type of *koto* (a long, fretted zither). It is characterized by its distinctive, elongated shape and the use of a bow to produce sound, unlike the plucked technique employed with the standard *koto*. The name "tegure" translates roughly to "hand-guided" or "led by hand," reflecting its playing style, which involves drawing the bow across the strings while pressing them down with the left hand to alter pitch.

The tegure is believed to have originated in the Edo period (1603–1868) and was initially used in *kabuki* theater as a solo instrument to accompany dance and dramatic performances. Its unique sound, which blends elements of both the *koto* and the *shamisen* (another Japanese bowed instrument), gave it a versatile role in storytelling and emotional expression. Over time, it became associated with *nagauta* (long song), a genre of traditional Japanese music that emphasizes vocal performance with instrumental accompaniment.

The tegure typically features 13 strings, though some variations exist, and is played while seated with the instrument resting on the player’s lap. The right hand operates the bow, while the left hand presses the strings against a movable bridge to create microtonal variations, a technique known as *koku* (pitch modulation). This method allows for expressive, melodic phrasing that is both delicate and powerful.

Today, the tegure remains a niche instrument, primarily studied and performed by enthusiasts of traditional Japanese music. Its rarity and the skill required to master it have contributed to its preservation as a cultural artifact. While no longer central to mainstream Japanese music, it continues to be appreciated for its historical significance and the unique artistic possibilities it offers.