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Taub is a German adjective meaning deaf or numb. It is used to describe a person who cannot hear, either temporarily or permanently, as well as a body part that has lost sensation. In everyday language, taub can also refer to emotional or sensory insensitivity, and it is common in phrases such as taub vor Gleichgültigkeit.

In medical and colloquial contexts, taubheit is the noun form corresponding to the state of numbness or deafness. Related verb phrases include taub werden (to become deaf or numb) and taub bleiben (to remain numb). The word can be applied to various senses, for example describing someone’s ears as taub after loud noise, or feet that are taub from a long period of inactivity.

As a surname, Taub is of German origin and is used by families in German-speaking regions and among diaspora communities. It is capitalized as a proper noun and occurs in biographical contexts when referring to individuals who bear the name. The surname is one of several that reflect descriptive or occupational origins commonly found in Germanic naming traditions.

See also options include related terms such as Taube (dove) and Tauber (a surname and river name), which share a common linguistic heritage but refer to distinct concepts.