tandplakbacteriën

Tandplakbacteriën, commonly referred to as plaque bacteria, are microscopic organisms that reside in the mouth. These bacteria are a natural part of the oral microbiome, but under certain conditions, they can proliferate and form a sticky, colorless film on the surfaces of teeth. This film is known as dental plaque.

The primary types of bacteria found in plaque include Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species. These bacteria feed on sugars and starches that are present in food debris left on teeth. As they metabolize these carbohydrates, they produce acids as a byproduct. These acids can demineralize tooth enamel, the hard outer layer of the teeth, making them susceptible to decay.

The accumulation of plaque is also a major contributor to gum disease. The bacteria in plaque irritate the gums, leading to inflammation, redness, and bleeding, a condition known as gingivitis. If left untreated, gingivitis can progress to periodontitis, a more severe form of gum disease that can damage the bone supporting the teeth and eventually lead to tooth loss.

Maintaining good oral hygiene practices is crucial for controlling plaque bacteria. Regular brushing and flossing effectively remove plaque and food particles, preventing the buildup of bacteria and their harmful byproducts. Professional dental cleanings also play a vital role in removing hardened plaque, called tartar or calculus, which cannot be removed by brushing alone. Limiting the intake of sugary foods and drinks can also significantly reduce the food source for plaque bacteria.