taksonomit

Taksonomit refers to systems used to classify and organize entities into ordered groups based on shared characteristics. In biology, taxonomy classifies living organisms; in information science and data management, taxonomies organize concepts, topics, or products to support discovery and retrieval.

The term derives from Greek roots taxi (arrangement) and nomos (law). In some languages, taksonomit is used as the plural form of taksonomi, referring to multiple taxonomic systems across fields.

Biological taxonomy has a long history, from early classification schemes to Carl Linnaeus, who introduced a standard hierarchical framework (kingdom, class, order, family, genus, species). Modern taxonomy emphasizes evolutionary relationships, with phylogenetics and genetic data guiding classification and sometimes redefinition of groups.

In information management, taxonomies provide controlled vocabularies and hierarchical navigation structures. They differ from ontologies, which model richer relationships, and from simple keyword lists. Taxonomies are created and maintained by experts, support tagging and faceted search, and help standardize terminology across teams and systems.

Applications include biodiversity databases, library catalogs, e-commerce category trees, content management, and scientific metadata. Taxonomies require governance, periodic review, and mapping between different taxonomies to enable interoperability.

See also: taxonomy, ontology, controlled vocabulary, thesaurus, cladistics, hierarchy.