tüberkülozun

Tüberküloz, often referred to as TB, is an infectious disease typically caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This bacterium usually affects the lungs but can also damage other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spine, and brain. TB is spread through the air when a person with active lung TB coughs, sneezes, or speaks, releasing infectious particles into the air.

Many people infected with TB bacteria do not develop active disease. This is known as latent TB infection. In these cases, the bacteria remain in the body in an inactive state and do not cause symptoms. However, if the immune system weakens, the latent infection can become active. Symptoms of active TB disease include a persistent cough, sometimes with phlegm or blood, chest pains, fever, chills, and weight loss.

Diagnosis of TB typically involves a physical examination, chest X-ray, and laboratory tests of sputum. Treatment for TB is usually a course of antibiotics taken for several months. It is crucial for patients to complete the entire treatment regimen to ensure the infection is fully eradicated and to prevent the development of drug-resistant TB. Prevention strategies include vaccination (BCG vaccine), prompt diagnosis and treatment of active cases, and public health measures to reduce transmission.