töltéshordozórekombinációt

Töltéshordozó is a Hungarian term that translates to "charge carrier" in English. It refers to a mobile particle within a material that carries an electric charge. The movement of these charge carriers is what constitutes an electric current.

In conductors, such as metals, the primary charge carriers are electrons, which are negatively charged. These electrons are loosely bound to the atoms and are free to move throughout the material when an electric field is applied. In semiconductors, both electrons and "holes" can act as charge carriers. A hole is a conceptual absence of an electron in the atomic structure, and it behaves as if it were a positively charged particle. In electrolytes, such as ionic solutions or molten salts, the charge carriers are ions, which are atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons, thus acquiring a net positive or negative charge.

The type and behavior of charge carriers are fundamental to understanding the electrical properties of different materials. The density of charge carriers, their mobility (how easily they move), and their charge determine the conductivity of a material. For instance, materials with a high density of highly mobile charge carriers are good conductors, while materials with few or immobile charge carriers are insulators. The study of charge carriers is crucial in fields like solid-state physics, materials science, and electrical engineering.