sähkötehoja

Sähkötehoja, the Finnish term for electric forces, refer to the interactions between electric charges that result in attractive or repulsive forces. These forces are described quantitatively by Coulomb’s law, which states that the magnitude of the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The law is expressed as F = k · (q₁q₂ / r²), where k is Coulomb’s constant, q₁ and q₂ are the charges, and r is the separation distance.

Electric forces play a central role in many physical phenomena. They govern the structure of atoms, as the attraction between negatively charged electrons and positively charged nuclei holds electrons in orbital shells. In macroscopic systems, electric forces manifest as static electricity, causing objects to feel a pull or push when brought near charged bodies. They also underpin the operation of capacitors, the distribution of charge on conductors, and the behavior of electric fields in both vacuum and dielectric media.

In engineering, understanding electric forces is essential for designing electrical insulation, high-voltage circuitry, and electrostatic precipitators. The study of these forces extends into related fields such as electrostatics, electromagnetism, and quantum mechanics, where they interact with magnetic forces and the principles of both classical and quantum physics.