syntetisk

Syntetisk is a Swedish term meaning man-made or artificially produced, especially through chemical synthesis rather than arising naturally. It covers a wide range of substances, materials, fibers, dyes, fragrances, and drugs. In some contexts, semi-syntetisk is used for natural substances that have been chemically modified to improve properties.

Etymology and usage: Syntetisk derives from the Greek synthetikos, meaning “put together,” via Latin and French traditions into Swedish. The term is used to distinguish products that are manufactured or processed from those that occur in nature in their original form.

Fields and examples: In chemistry and materials science, syntetiska polymers such as nylon and polyester are common. Synthetic fibers are used in textiles for durability and cost efficiency. Synthetic dyes and pigments are produced for textiles and inks. Many pharmaceuticals are synthetic or semi-synthetic, produced to achieve specific biological effects. Synthetic fragrances are used in cosmetics and perfumes. These contrasts with naturliga materials like cotton, wool, rubber from trees, or essential oils.

Production and environmental considerations: Syntetiska substances are created by chemical synthesis, polymerization, or other industrial processes. They enable design flexibility, scalable production, and consistent quality but raise environmental concerns related to resource use, energy consumption, and persistence in ecosystems, particularly for plastics. Responsible development includes recycling, development of biodegradable synthetics, and life-cycle assessment to minimize impacts.

See also: natural vs synthetic, polymers, plastics, dyes, pharmaceuticals.