synovialvävnad

Synovial tissue, also known as synovial membrane, is a thin layer of connective tissue that lines the inner surface of joints and the outer surface of bones. It plays a crucial role in the lubrication and protection of joints. The synovial membrane consists of two main layers: the synovial intima, which is a single layer of flattened cells, and the subintimal layer, which contains a loose network of collagen fibers and fibroblasts.

The primary function of synovial tissue is to produce synovial fluid, a lubricating substance that reduces friction between articulating surfaces during joint movement. Synovial fluid also helps to nourish the joint cartilage and provides a cushioning effect. The synovial membrane is innervated and contains blood vessels, allowing it to respond to mechanical stress and inflammation.

Synovial tissue can be affected by various conditions, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. In osteoarthritis, the synovial membrane may become inflamed and thickened, leading to reduced joint mobility and pain. In rheumatoid arthritis, the synovial membrane is often the site of initial inflammation, which can progress to joint destruction if left untreated.

In summary, synovial tissue is an essential component of the joint, providing lubrication, protection, and nourishment. Its structure and function are crucial for maintaining joint health and mobility. Understanding the role of synovial tissue is important for diagnosing and managing joint-related conditions.