suspensioonipolümerisatsioon

Suspensiopolümerisatsioon is a polymerization process where monomers are dispersed as droplets in a continuous medium, typically water. This method is also known as bead polymerization or granular polymerization. The monomers are insoluble in the continuous phase, and they are stabilized by suspending agents such as polyvinyl alcohol or cellulose derivatives.

The process begins with the monomer, initiator, and suspending agent dissolved or dispersed in the continuous phase. Heat or UV radiation is then applied to initiate the polymerization within each droplet. The droplets act as individual microreactors, leading to the formation of polymer particles. The size of these polymer particles can be controlled by factors like the stirring rate, the type and concentration of suspending agent, and the viscosity of the monomer.

Suspensiopolümerisatsioon is advantageous for producing polymers with controlled particle size and morphology, often in the form of beads or granules. These polymers can be easily separated from the reaction mixture and are often used in applications such as ion-exchange resins, protective colloids, and as precursors for other polymer modifications. The continuous medium, usually water, acts as an effective heat sink, allowing for better temperature control during the exothermic polymerization reaction, which helps prevent runaway reactions and ensures uniform polymer properties. This technique is widely employed in the industrial production of various polymers.