suprafluid

A suprafluid is a state of matter characterized by zero viscosity. This means that a suprafluid can flow without any internal friction. It is a quantum mechanical phenomenon that occurs at extremely low temperatures, near absolute zero. Suprafluidity is a macroscopic manifestation of quantum mechanics, where the particles behave collectively as a single quantum entity. The most well-known example of a suprafluid is helium-4 below its lambda point of 2.17 Kelvin. When cooled to this temperature, liquid helium-4 exhibits remarkable properties, such as its ability to climb up the walls of a container and flow through infinitesimally small cracks. Another suprafluid is helium-3, which becomes suprafluid at even lower temperatures. The phenomenon is not limited to helium; it has also been observed in other systems, including neutron stars and certain atomic gases cooled to ultralow temperatures. The study of suprafluids is important for understanding fundamental quantum physics and has potential applications in areas like quantum computing and high-precision sensing.