superfine

Superfine is an adjective used to describe material, products, or ingredients that are exceptionally fine in texture or very small in particle size. The term is not a strict technical standard; its meaning depends on the industry and context.

Etymology wise, superfine derives from the prefix super- meaning beyond or highly, combined with fine, and has been used since at least the 19th century to imply premium quality or extremely fine processing.

In textiles, superfine refers to very fine fibers or yarns. Examples include superfine wool with fiber diameters typically around 18 microns or less, and superfine cotton used for lightweight, smooth fabrics. The classification reflects softness, drape, and comfort, and industry terminology can vary by region.

In food, superfine commonly describes sugar with very small crystals, known as caster sugar in the United Kingdom. The small crystals dissolve rapidly, producing a smooth texture in beverages and delicate desserts. The term may also appear in reference to very finely ground flours or grains in some markets, though this usage is less standardized.

In powders and pharmaceuticals, superfine denotes particle sizes reduced to the micrometre scale, achieved by milling or jet milling. Superfine powders improve solubility, dispersion, and handling in applications such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and additives. The term can also be encountered in industrial contexts referring to finely milled materials.

Standards for superfine vary and are not universally defined. Definitions and particle-size targets differ by product category, processing method, and region. When precision is required, manufacturers typically specify exact particle-size ranges or fiber diameters.