subglottiska

Subglottiska refers to the subglottic region of the larynx, the portion of the airway located below the glottis (the vocal cords) and above the cricoid cartilage. It is part of the upper airway and is lined by respiratory epithelium, continuous with the trachea. The subglottic space plays a role in maintaining airway patency and participates in protecting the lower airway during swallowing, as well as in humidifying and warming inspired air.

Anatomy and boundaries are defined by the inferior border of the glottis and the superior border of the cricoid cartilage. The region contains mucous-producing glands and contributes to airway resistance and ventilation dynamics. Because of its fixed caliber and proximity to the vocal apparatus, the subglottic space is clinically important in diseases that cause airway narrowing or edema.

Clinical significance and conditions commonly associated with the subglottic area include subglottic stenosis (congenital or acquired, often related to intubation or inflammatory disease), subglottic infections or inflammation, and less commonly subglottic tumors. The subglottic region is also a key site affected in croup (laryngotracheobronchitis), where edema and inflammation can narrow the airway and produce stridor.

Diagnosis is typically achieved with laryngoscopy (direct or indirect) and supportive imaging such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging as needed. Treatment depends on the underlying condition and ranges from observation and medical management for mild inflammatory processes to endoscopic or surgical interventions for stenosis, and airway support for acute obstruction.